Sifat Operasi Hitung Bilangan

Operasi Hitung Matematika pada Bilangan

1. Operasi Penjumlahan
• komutatif
• asosiatif
• unsur identitas nol
• tertutup
2. Operasi Pengurangan
3. Operasi Perkalian
4. Operasi Pembagian

Jenis Himpunan

Himpunan Kosong
himpunan yang tidak memiliki anggota himpunan.
Simbol himpunan kosong : { } atau Ø

Himpunan Semesta / Universal
himpunan yang memuat semua anggota dari kelompok pembicaraan tertentu.
Simbol himpunan semesta / universal : S

Keanggotaan Himpunan

Keanggotaan Himpunan

Simbol Anggota Himpunan dari
∈

Simbol Bukan Anggota Himpunan dari
∉

Relasi antar Himpunan

Relasi antar Himpunan

Sub himpunan / Himpunan Bagian

⊆

Superhimpunan

⊇

Operasi dasar Himpunan

Operasi dasar Himpunan

Union / Gabungan

Simbol Union Himpunan

∪

Interseksi / Irisan

Simbol Irisan Himpunan

∩

Komplemen / anggota diluar himpunan

  Simbol Komplemen Himpunan

′

CSS Reference

Font | Color and Background | Text | Box | Classification | Positioning | Printing | Pseudo


based on :
MSDN
WC3 CSS reference

Document Object Model Reference (DOM) - A to Z

DOM Window Reference

    Window properties
    Window methods

DOM Document Object Reference

    Document object properties
    Document object methods Updated

DOM Elements Object reference

    Dom Element properties
    Dom Element methods

DOM Event Object reference

    Event Object (redirects to Event object page in the "JavaScript Reference section").

DOM Style Reference

    CSS Rule object
    Dom stylesheet object
    Inline "Style" object

DOM Table Reference

    Dom Table properties
    Dom Table methods

Miscellaneous

    Ajax (XMLHttpRequest)
    Element nodeType values
    TreeWalker object
    DOM scripting forums

JavaScript Object Model Reference - A to Z

Ajax (XMLHttpRequest)
    Anchor
    Applet
    Area
    Array updated
    Boolean
    Date
    Document
    Event
        Keyboard/ mouse buttons
    Form
        Button
        Checkbox
        elements
        FileUpload
        Hidden
        Option
        Password
        Radio
        Select
        Submit
        Text
        Textarea
    Reset
    Frame
    Function updated
    History
    Image
    JSON object
    Link
    Location
    Math
    Navigator
    Number
    Object updated
    RegExp (regular expressions) updated
    Screen
    String
    Style
    window

JavaScript Reference Topics

Global Objects

    Value properties
    Function properties
    Fundamental objects
    Numbers and dates
    Text processing
    Indexed collections
    Keyed collections
    Structured data
    Control abstraction objects
    Reflection
    Internationalization
    Other

Functions and function scope
Statements

• Conditionals
• Looping

JavaScript Operators
JavaScript other keywords
JavaScript Events/ Event Handlers (onmouseover, onload etc)Escape Sequences (in string)
Escape Sequences (in string)

Comments
E4X (extension)
Appendix A - Reserved Words
Appendix B - Deprecated Features

PHP Filesystem Constants

Filesystem Constants

• GLOB_BRACE
• GLOB_ONLYDIR
• GLOB_MARK
• GLOB_NOSORT
• GLOB_NOCHECK
• GLOB_NOESCAPE
• PATHINFO_DIRNAME
• PATHINFO_BASENAME
• PATHINFO_EXTENSION
• FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH
• FILE_APPEND
• FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES
• FILE_SKIP_EMPTY_LINES

PHP FileSystem / Link Functions

FileSystem / Link Functions

basename()
chgrp()
chmod()
chown()
clearstatcache()
copy()
delete()
dirname()
disk_free_space()
disk_total_space()
diskfreespace()
fclose()
feof()
fflush()
fgetc()
fgetcsv()
fgets()
fgetss()
file()
file_exists()
file_get_contents()
file_put_contents
fileatime()
filectime()
filegroup()
fileinode()
filemtime()
fileowner()
fileperms()
filesize()
filetype()
flock()
fnmatch()
fopen()
fpassthru()
fputcsv()
fputs()
fread()
fscanf()
fseek()
fstat()
ftell()
ftruncate()
fwrite()
glob()
is_dir()
is_executable()
is_file()
is_link()
is_readable()
is_uploaded_file()
is_writable()
is_writeable()
link()
linkinfo()
lstat()
mkdir()
move_uploaded_file()
parse_ini_file()
pathinfo()
pclose()
popen()
readfile()
readlink()
realpath()
rename()
rewind()
rmdir()
set_file_buffer()
stat()
symlink()
tempnam()
tmpfile()
touch()
umask()
unlink()

PHP String Constants

String Constants

CRYPT_SALT_LENGTH
Contains the length of the default encryption method for the system. For standard DES encryption, the length is 2
CRYPT_STD_DES
Set to 1 if the standard DES-based encryption with a 2 character salt is supported, 0 otherwise
CRYPT_EXT_DES
Set to 1 if the extended DES-based encryption with a 9 character salt is supported, 0 otherwise
CRYPT_MD5
Set to 1 if the MD5 encryption with a 12 character salt starting with $1$ is supported, 0 otherwise
CRYPT_BLOWFISH
Set to 1 if the Blowfish encryption with a 16 character salt starting with $2$ or $2a$ is supported, 0 otherwise0
HTML_SPECIALCHARS
HTML_ENTITIES
ENT_COMPAT
ENT_QUOTES
ENT_NOQUOTES
CHAR_MAX
LC_CTYPE
LC_NUMERIC
LC_TIME
LC_COLLATE
LC_MONETARY
LC_ALL
LC_MESSAGES
STR_PAD_LEFT
STR_PAD_RIGHT
STR_PAD_BOTH

PHP String Functions

String Functions

addcslashes — Quote string with slashes in a C style
addslashes — Quote string with slashes
bin2hex — Convert binary data into hexadecimal representation
chop — Alias of rtrim
chr — Return a specific character
chunk_split — Split a string into smaller chunks
convert_cyr_string — Convert from one Cyrillic character set to another
convert_uudecode — Decode a uuencoded string
convert_uuencode — Uuencode a string
count_chars — Return information about characters used in a string
crc32 — Calculates the crc32 polynomial of a string
crypt — One-way string hashing
echo — Output one or more strings
explode — Split a string by string
fprintf — Write a formatted string to a stream
get_html_translation_table — Returns the translation table used by htmlspecialchars and htmlentities
hebrev — Convert logical Hebrew text to visual text
hebrevc — Convert logical Hebrew text to visual text with newline conversion
hex2bin — Decodes a hexadecimally encoded binary string
html_entity_decode — Convert all HTML entities to their applicable characters
htmlentities — Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities
htmlspecialchars_decode — Convert special HTML entities back to characters
htmlspecialchars — Convert special characters to HTML entities
implode — Join array elements with a string
join — Alias of implode
lcfirst — Make a string's first character lowercase
levenshtein — Calculate Levenshtein distance between two strings
localeconv — Get numeric formatting information
ltrim — Strip whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning of a string
md5_file — Calculates the md5 hash of a given file
md5 — Calculate the md5 hash of a string
metaphone — Calculate the metaphone key of a string
money_format — Formats a number as a currency string
nl_langinfo — Query language and locale information
nl2br — Inserts HTML line breaks before all newlines in a string
number_format — Format a number with grouped thousands
ord — Return ASCII value of character
parse_str — Parses the string into variables
print — Output a string
printf — Output a formatted string
quoted_printable_decode — Convert a quoted-printable string to an 8 bit string
quoted_printable_encode — Convert a 8 bit string to a quoted-printable string
quotemeta — Quote meta characters
rtrim — Strip whitespace (or other characters) from the end of a string
setlocale — Set locale information
sha1_file — Calculate the sha1 hash of a file
sha1 — Calculate the sha1 hash of a string
similar_text — Calculate the similarity between two strings
soundex — Calculate the soundex key of a string
sprintf — Return a formatted string
sscanf — Parses input from a string according to a format
str_getcsv — Parse a CSV string into an array
str_ireplace — Case-insensitive version of str_replace.
str_pad — Pad a string to a certain length with another string
str_repeat — Repeat a string
str_replace — Replace all occurrences of the search string with the replacement string
str_rot13 — Perform the rot13 transform on a string
str_shuffle — Randomly shuffles a string
str_split — Convert a string to an array
str_word_count — Return information about words used in a string
strcasecmp — Binary safe case-insensitive string comparison
strchr — Alias of strstr
strcmp — Binary safe string comparison
strcoll — Locale based string comparison
strcspn — Find length of initial segment not matching mask
strip_tags — Strip HTML and PHP tags from a string
stripcslashes — Un-quote string quoted with addcslashes
stripos — Find the position of the first occurrence of a case-insensitive substring in a string
stripslashes — Un-quotes a quoted string
stristr — Case-insensitive strstr
strlen — Get string length
strnatcasecmp — Case insensitive string comparisons using a "natural order" algorithm
strnatcmp — String comparisons using a "natural order" algorithm
strncasecmp — Binary safe case-insensitive string comparison of the first n characters
strncmp — Binary safe string comparison of the first n characters
strpbrk — Search a string for any of a set of characters
strpos — Find the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string
strrchr — Find the last occurrence of a character in a string
strrev — Reverse a string
strripos — Find the position of the last occurrence of a case-insensitive substring in a string
strrpos — Find the position of the last occurrence of a substring in a string
strspn — Finds the length of the initial segment of a string consisting entirely of characters contained within a given mask.
strstr — Find the first occurrence of a string
strtok — Tokenize string
strtolower — Make a string lowercase
strtoupper — Make a string uppercase
strtr — Translate characters or replace substrings
substr_compare — Binary safe comparison of two strings from an offset, up to length characters
substr_count — Count the number of substring occurrences
substr_replace — Replace text within a portion of a string
substr — Return part of a string
trim — Strip whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning and end of a string
ucfirst — Make a string's first character uppercase
ucwords — Uppercase the first character of each word in a string
vfprintf — Write a formatted string to a stream
vprintf — Output a formatted string
vsprintf — Return a formatted string
wordwrap — Wraps a string to a given number of characters

PHP Math Constants

Math Constants

M_E
Returns e (approx. 2.718)
M_EULER
Returns Euler's constant (approx. 0.577)
M_LNPI
Returns the natural logarithm of PI (approx. 1.144)
M_LN2
Returns the natural logarithm of 2 (approx. 0.693)
M_LN10
Returns the natural logarithm of 10 (approx. 2.302)
M_LOG2E
Returns the base-2 logarithm of E (approx. 1.442)
M_LOG10E
Returns the base-10 logarithm of E (approx. 0.434)
M_PI
Returns PI (approx. 3.14159)
M_PI_2
Returns PI/2 (approx. 1.570)
M_PI_4
Returns PI/4 (approx. 0.785)
M_1_PI
Returns 1/PI (approx. 0.318)
M_2_PI
Returns 2/PI (approx. 0.636)
M_SQRTPI
Returns the square root of PI (approx. 1.772)
M_2_SQRTPI
Returns 2/square root of PI (approx. 1.128)
M_SQRT1_2
Returns the square root of 1/2 (approx. 0.707)
M_SQRT2
Returns the square root of 2 (approx. 1.414)
M_SQRT3
Returns the square root of 3 (approx. 1.732)

PHP Math Functions

PHP Math Functions

Math Functions

abs()
acos()
acosh()
asin()
asinh()
atan()
atan2()
atanh()
base_convert()
bindec()
ceil()
cos()
cosh()
decbin()
dechex()
decoct()
deg2rad()
exp()
expm1()
floor()
fmod()
getrandmax()
hexdec()
hypot()
is_finite()
is_infinite()
is_nan()
lcg_value()
log()
log10()
log1p()
max()
min()
mt_getrandmax()
mt_rand()
mt_srand()
octdec()
pi()
pow()
rad2deg()
rand()
round()
sin()
sinh()
sqrt()
srand()
tan()
tanh()

PHP Array Constants

Array Constants

• CASE_LOWER
  Used with array_change_key_case() to convert array keys to lower case
• CASE_UPPER
  Used with array_change_key_case() to convert array keys to upper case
• SORT_ASC
  Used with array_multisort() to sort in ascending order
• SORT_DESC
  Used with array_multisort() to sort in descending order
• SORT_REGULAR
  Used to compare items normally
• SORT_NUMERIC
  Used to compare items numerically
• SORT_STRING
  Used to compare items as strings
• SORT_LOCALE_STRING
  Used to compare items as strings, based on the current locale
• COUNT_NORMAL
• COUNT_RECURSIVE
• EXTR_OVERWRITE
• EXTR_SKIP
• EXTR_PREFIX_SAME
• EXTR_PREFIX_ALL
• EXTR_PREFIX_INVALID
• EXTR_PREFIX_IF_EXISTS
• EXTR_IF_EXISTS
• EXTR_REFS

PHP Array Functions

PHP Array Functions

Array Functions

array()
array_change_key_case()
array_chunk()
array_combine()
array_count_values()
array_diff()
array_diff_assoc()
array_diff_key()
array_diff_uassoc()
array_diff_ukey()
array_fill()
array_filter()
array_flip()
array_intersect()
array_intersect_assoc()
array_intersect_key()
array_intersect_uassoc()
array_intersect_ukey()
array_key_exists()
array_keys()
array_map()
array_merge()
array_merge_recursive()
array_multisort()
array_pad()
array_pop()
array_product()
array_push()
array_rand()
array_reduce()
array_reverse()
array_search()
array_shift()
array_slice()
array_splice()
array_sum()
array_udiff()
array_udiff_assoc()
array_udiff_uassoc()
array_uintersect()
array_uintersect_assoc()
array_uintersect_uassoc()
array_unique()
array_unshift()
array_values()
array_walk()
array_walk_recursive()
arsort()
asort()
compact()
count()
current()
each()
end()
extract()
in_array()
key()
krsort()
ksort()
list()
natcasesort()
natsort()
next()
pos()
prev()
range()
reset()
rsort()
shuffle()
sizeof()
sort()
uasort()
uksort()
usort()

PHP Array Constants

PHP Variable Cheat Sheet

PHP Variable Functions Cheat Sheet

boolval
doubleval
empty
empty
floatval
get_​defined_​vars
get_​resource_​type
gettype
import_​request_​variables
intval
is_​array
is_​bool
is_​callable
is_​double
is_​float
is_​int
is_​integer
is_​long
is_​null
is_​numeric
is_​object
is_​real
is_​resource
is_​scalar
is_​string
isset
print_​r
serialize
settype
strval
unserialize
unset
var_​dump
var_​export

Other Topics:
PHP Array Functions

BILANGAN HABIS DIBAGI ... ( 1 )

BILANGAN HABIS DIBAGI

2 
jika angka terakhir adalah habis dibagi 2.
Suatu bilangan habis dibagi 2, ciri-cirinya adalah bilangan yang berakhiran (berangka satuan) 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. Dengan kata lain bilangan itu adalah bilangan genap.

Contoh: apakah 74 habis dibagi 2? Karena 74 merupakan bilangan genap (Ingat rumus untuk bilangan genap. Rumus untuk bilangan genap adalah 2k untuk sebarang k bilangan bulat. Sedangkan untuk bilangan ganjil yaitu 2k-1 untuk sebarang k bilangan bulat). Karena 74 memenuhi rumus bilangan genap, maka 74 habis dibagi 2. 74 : 2 = 37


3
jika jumlah angka-angkanya habis dibagi 3.
Jumlah digit-digitnya habis dibagi 3

Contoh: Apakah 213 habis dibagi 3? Akan kita jumlahkan digit-digit pada bilangan 213. Didapatkan, 2 + 1 + 3 = 6. Karena 6 (hasil dari penjumlahan digit-digitnya) habis dibagi 3. Maka bilangan itu (213) habis dibagi 3. Apakah -345 habis dibagi 3? Langkahnya sama. Kita jumlahkan digit-digitnya dan menghiraukan tanda negative. Jangan tertipu oleh tanda negatif.

4 
jika bilangan dari dua angka/digit terakhir habis dibagi 4.
Lebih mudahnya yaitu puluhan dari bilangan itu habis dibagi 4.

Contoh : Apakah 324 habis dibagi 4? Dua digit terakhir yaitu 24. Dan 24 habis dibagi 4. Sehingga 326 habis dibagi 4. Apakah 2006 habis dibagi 4? Tidak. Karena dua angka terahirnya yaitu 06. Sedangkan 06 tidak habis dibagi 4. Sehingga 2006 tidak habis dibagi 4.
Bukti ditinggalkan sebagai latihan. Tips untuk membuktikan, langkah yang digunakan hampir sama dengan pembuktian bilangan habis dibagi dua. Hanya saja nantinya memakai angka 100. Karena 100 habis dibagi 4, sedangkan 10 tidak habis dibagi 4.


5
jika angka terakhir 0 atau 5

Contoh : Apakah 3255 habis dibagi 5? Digit terakhir adalah 5.
Sehingga 3255 habis dibagi 5. Apakah 2005 habis dibagi 5? Sangatlah mudah menentukan ciri bilangan habis dibagi 5.

6
jika habis dibagi 2 dan 3.
Ciri bilangan yang habis dibagi 6 adalah bilangan genap yang jumlah angka-angkanya habis dibagi 3. Atau bilangan yang habis dibagi 3 dan habis dibagi 2.

Contoh : apakah 234 habis dibagi 6? Sekarang kita perhatikan jumlah angka-angkanya. 2+3+4=9. Dan 9 habis dibagi 3. Karena jumlah angka-angkanya habis dibagi 3 dan bilangan itu genap. Maka 234 habis dibagi 6. Kita juga bisa mengatakan bahwa jika bilangan habis dibagi ab, maka bilangan itu habis dibagi a dan habis dibagi b. 


7
Bila bagian satuannya dikalikan 2, dan menjadi pengurang dari bilangan tersisa. Jika hasilnya habis dibagi 7,
maka bilangan itu habis dibagi 7.

Contoh: apakah 5236 habis dibagi 7? Kita pisahkan 6 (satuannya), kemudian 523 – (6 x 2) = 511. Apakah 511 habis dibagi 7? 51 – (1 x 2) = 49. Karena 49 habis dibagi 7
maka 5236 habis dibagi 7.


8
Tiga digit terakhir habis dibagi 8.

Contoh : apakah 2168 habis dibagi 8. Iya, karena 168 habis dibagi 8.


9
Jumlah angka-angkanya habis dibagi 9.

Contoh : apakah 819 habis dibagi 9? Jumlah digit-digitnya yaitu 8 + 1 + 9 = 18. Dan 18 habis dibagi 9. Sehingga 819 habis dibagi 9.


10
Tentu saja bilangan yang digit terakhirnya (satuannya) adalah 0.

Contoh : 77763862974620 habis dibagi 10 karena satuannya adalah 0.

Microsoft Equation Keyword / Scripts ( AutoCorrect Math )

http://faculty.kutztown.edu/

Keyword / Scripts / AutoCorrect of Microsoft Equation Editor

Basic Scripts

Scripts	sample	Description
x^n	xn	power / exponent ( superscript )
x_n	xn	Logarithm ( subscript )
/	a/b	Fractions ( vertical )
a\/b	a/b	Fractions ( horizontal)
axb	a x b	Multiply / Times
\sqrt n	√n	Square Roots
\cbrt n	∛n	Cubic Roots

Microsoft Equation 3.0 Editor Palletes List:

• SYMBOLS : Top Row (Left to Right)
  •  Relational Symbols
• Spaces and Ellipses
• Embellishments
• Operator Symbols
• Arrow Symbols
• Logical Symbols
• Set Theory Symbols
• Miscellaneous Symbols
• Greek Characters (lowercase)
• Greek Characters (uppercase) 

• TEMPLATES : Bottom Row (Left to Right)
• Fence Templates 
• Fraction and Radical Templates
• Subscript and Superscript Templates
• Summation Templates
• Integral Templates
• Underbar and Overbar Templates
• Labeled Arrow Templates
• Products and Set Theory Templates
• Matrix Templates

Math AutoCorrect symbols

Other Topics:
Insert Equation Templates ( Shortcut Keyboards )
Creating Mathematics inside Microsoft Word

Microsoft Equation Keyboard Shortcuts

https://uwaterloo.ca/

Inserting templates in an equation using keys

• Templates can be inserted using a Ctrl+character combination.

To insert	Template	Press
()	Parentheses	Ctrl+9 or Ctrl+0
[]	Brackets	Ctrl+[ or Ctrl+]
{}	Braces	Ctrl+{ or Ctrl+}
-	Fraction	Ctrl+F
/	Slash fraction	Ctrl+/
`	Superscript (high)	Ctrl+H
_	Superscript (low)	Ctrl+L
	Joint sub/superscript	Ctrl+J
	Integral	Ctrl+I
| |	Absolute value	Ctrl+Shift+T
√	Root	Ctrl+R
	nth root	Ctrl+T, N
∑	Summation	Ctrl+T, S
∏	Product	Ctrl+T, P
	Matrix template 3X3	Ctrl+T, M
_	Underscript (limit)	Ctrl+T, U

Inserting symbols in an equation using keys

• Many symbols can be inserted using a Ctrl+K, character sequence.
• Note: These key combinations are not available with Windows NT.

To insert	Representing	Press CTRL+K,
∞	Infinity	I
→	Arrow	A
∂	Derivative (partial)	D
≤	Less than or equal to	<
≥	Greater than or equal to	>
X	Times	T
∈	Element of	E
∉	Not an element of	SHIFT+E
⊂	Contained in	C
⊄	Not contained in	SHIFT+C

Inserting embellishments into an equation using keys

• You can attach an embellishment to the character to the left of the insertion point with keyboard shortcuts.

To apply	Description	Press
	Overbar	Ctrl+Shift+Hyphen
	Tilde	Ctrl+~ (Ctrl+Shift+" on some keyboards)
	Arrow (vector)	Ctrl+Alt+Hyphen
	Single prime	Ctrl+Alt+'
	Double prime	Ctrl+"
	Single dot	Ctrl+Alt+Period

Insert Equation Templates ( Shortcut Keyboards )

Typing the equation ( Microsoft Word )

https://uwaterloo.ca/

Typing the equation

To enter the equation, just start typing. All keyboard characters can be entered directly. (Parentheses, brackets and braces can be entered from the keyboard, but these are fixed in size. Brackets that will "grow" must be selected from the appropriate template).

Entering symbols

There are 10 symbol palettes, the entire top row of buttons. The symbols printed on the buttons provide a clue to the characters available under each button. The two rightmost symbol palettes are (1) the lower case Greek letters, and (2) the upper case Greek letters.

To select an item from a symbol palette, click on the palette button, and then click on the desired character.

Entering templates

The second row of palette buttons are template palettes. They provide place holders for entering information.

Moving around the equation

A flashing right angled cursor indicates where you are about to enter information on the equation. The horizontal bar of the cursor marks the base line of the symbols to be entered. The vertical bar indicates the height. You can set the insertion point by clicking with the mouse, or with the keyboard.
Positioning the insertion point in an equation using keys.

Pressing	Moves the insertion point
Tab	To the end of the slot. If the insertion point is at the end of a slot, it moves to the next logical slot.
Shift+Tab	To the end of the previous slot.
Right arrow	Right one unit within the current slot or template.
Left arrow	Left one unit within the current slot or template.
Up arrow	Up one line.
Down arrow	Down one line.
Home	To the beginning of the current slot.
End	To the end of the current slot.

Note: To insert a tab character in a slot, press CTRL+TAB.

Creating Mathematics inside Microsoft Word

http://spot.pcc.edu/
http://www.physicsforums.com/
https://uwaterloo.ca/

Creating Mathematics inside Microsoft Word

Notes:
 On your home machine you probably will need to load your Microsoft office CD and do a custom install to install the Equation Editor. After installing you may need restart your microsoft word.

Insert Equation

To insert an equation, choose Insert, Object, Microsoft Equation 3.0, and click OK . One of 2 things will happen:

• A highlighted area will appear, along with equation editing palettes. This is known as in-place editing. It can be very difficult to see what is being entered, or
• A separate window will open, with the palettes on top. This is much easier for entering equations. This looks like the following.

Customize Toolbar

If you are entering many equations, you may find it convenient to have an "Insert Equation" button right on the toolbar. This can be done by:

1. right clicking on the tool bar (or opening the Tools menu) and choosing Customize
2. A window will open. Click on the Commands tab if it is not already selected.
3. Select Insert on the left and then Equation Editor on the right.
4. Click and drag the button beside Equation Editor (a square root symbol with an alpha in it) to the toolbar. From now on, clicking on that button will insert an equation.

Shortcuts Keyboard

General

1. Always add a full space before and after an equal sign, before and after a plus or minus sign, after a limit sign or integral sign, and before each limit on a definite integral. A full space is created inside an equation box by pressing  Ctrl+Shift+Space Bar.
2. Always add a half space between a coefficient and a variable and before and after the arrow sign in a limit. A half space is created by pressing Ctrl+Space Bar.
3. To insert a tab character in a slot, press CTRL+TAB.
4. To line up your equal signs you need to use the format/align option.
5. You can add text inside an Equation box by selecting Style - Text from the toolbar menu. 

Basic Scripts

Scripts	sample	Description
^	xn	power / exponent ( superscript )
_	m Log n	Logarithm ( subscript )
/	a/b	Fractions

Shortcuts Keyboard List

Notes: to press space where the code says, it is necessary to get Microsoft word to recognize certain parts before continuing.

Sections:
1. Common Hotkeys
2. Basic Math Equations
3. Greek letters and symbols
4. Scripts
5. Limits/logs/trig functions
6. Common Character Accents.

1. Common Hotkeys

Alt + =             open/close equation editor
ctrl+l              left align
ctrl+e              center align
ctrl+r              Right align
ctrl+j              justify
ctrl+b              bold
ctrl+u              underline
ctrl+i              italic
ctrl+s              save document
ctrl+o              open document
ctrl+c              copy
ctrl+x              cut
ctrl+v              paste
shift+arrow         select text. By letter or symbol
ctrl+shift+arrow    select text. by word or grouping
ctrl+shift+.        increase text size
ctrl+shift+,        decrease text size

The variables x and n can be replaced with words and full equations

Insert Equation Templates ( Shortcut Keyboards )

2. Basic Math equations

Exponents
x^n             xn
(x+x)^n         (x+x)n
x^(n+n)         x(n+n)
x^n+n           xn+n

Division
x/n            "x" divided by "n"
(x+x)/n        "x" plus "x" total divided by "n"
x/(n+n)        "x" divided by the sum of "n"+"n"
x/n+n           "x"divided by "n" total plus "n"

Integrals: be sure to type spaces as indicated
\int  x dx             boundless integral over the function x
\int _0^n x dx         integral with bounds zero to n over the function x
\int _0^(n+n) x dx     integral with bounds zero to n plus n all over the function of x
\iint x dx             double integral with no bounds
\iiint  x dx           triple intertal
(I am not sure if you can add bounds to all the integrals
 I would use multiple single integrals for this as shown below)

\int_0^2\pi \int _0^pi \int _0^r r^2 sin \phi dr d\phi d\theta
bounds from 0 to 2(pi), 0 to pi and 0 to r
(this is an integral for a sphere of radius r)

3. Greek letters and symbols commonly used in equations:

Shortcuts (press space to change to symbol)
\Alpha        A
\alpha        α
\Beta         B
\beta         β
\Delta        Δ
\delta        δ
\partial      ∂
\Gamma        Γ
\gamma        γ
\epsilon      ϵ    
\Epsilon      Ε
\varepsilon   ε
\eta          η
\Eta          H
\theta        θ
\Theta        Θ
\kappa        κ
\Kappa        K
\lambda       λ
\Lambda       Λ
\pi           π
\Pi           Π
\omega        ω
\Omega        Ω
\mu           μ
\Mu           M
\infty        infinity symbol

4. Scripts

X^n       Xn
X_n       Xn
(I am not sure how to get the ones for elements where the scripts come before)

Other Scripts / Keyword ( AutoCorrect ) Math


5. Limits/logs/trig:(type the equation as indicated, include the spaces as they are recognized by Microsoft Word.)

lim (x->0) x       limit from x to zero subscript for x
log_x n            logx n
sin x              sine function
sin^-1 x           inverse sine function       
cos x              cosine function
cos^-1 x           inverse cosine function
tan x              tangent function
tan^-1 x           inverse tangent function
sinh x             hyperbolic sine function
sinh^-1 x          inverse hyperbolic sine function
cosh x             hyperbolic cosine function

 

Arrow Symbols (Alt Codes)

Arrow Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol
Filled Arrows
Alt 16	►
Alt 17	◄
Alt 254	■
Alt 30	▲
Alt 31	▼
Line Arrows
Alt 23	↨
Alt 24	↑
Alt 25	↓
Alt 26	→
Alt 27	←

 http://usefulshortcuts.com/

Symbol Codes for Drawing

ALT Codes for box drawing Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol	Alt Code	Symbol
Alt 176	░	Alt 200	╚
Alt 177	▒	Alt 201	╔
Alt 178	▓	Alt 202	╩
Alt 179	│	Alt 203	╦
Alt 180	┤	Alt 204	╠
Alt 181	╡	Alt 205	═
Alt 182	╢	Alt 206	╬
Alt 183	╖	Alt 207	╧
Alt 184	╕	Alt 208	╨
Alt 185	╣	Alt 209	╤
Alt 186	║	Alt 210	╥
Alt 187	╗	Alt 211	╙
Alt 188	╝	Alt 212	╘
Alt 189	╜	Alt 213	╒
Alt 190	╛	Alt 214	╓
Alt 191	┐	Alt 215	╫
Alt 192	└	Alt 216	╪
Alt 193	┴	Alt 217	┘
Alt 194	┬	Alt 218	┌
Alt 195	├	Alt 219	█
Alt 196	─	Alt 220	▄
Alt 197	┼	Alt 221	▌
Alt 198	╞	Alt 222	▐
Alt 199	╟	Alt 223	▀

http://usefulshortcuts.com/
http://robby01343.wordpress.com/

How to use [Option] key? ( Macintosh )

holding [Option] key and pressed down others key at the same time.

Character Palette

Character Palette allows you to view and use all characters and symbols, including integral sign, available in all fonts (some examples of fonts are "Arial", "Times New Roman", "Webdings") installed on your computer.

 

Basic Mathematics Symbols 1 (Alt Codes)

What is Alt Codes ?
How to use Alt Codes ?

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 48 - 57	0 - 9	zero to nine

Alt Codes for Basic Operators
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 43	+	Plus Sign
Alt 45	-	Minus Sign
Alt 0215	×	Multiplication Sign
Alt 0247	÷	Obelus / Division sign

Alt Codes for Percentage and Per-thousand
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 37	%	Percentage Sign
Alt 0137	‰	Per mille (per thousand)

Alt Codes for Bracketing
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 40	(	Open Bracket
Alt 41	)	Close Bracked

Alt Codes for Degree of Accuracy
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 241	±	Plus or Minus

Alt Codes for Fractions
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 47	/	Fraction seperator
Alt 0188	¼	Quarter
Alt 0189	½	Half
Alt 0190	¾	Three quarters
Alt 46	.	Decimal Point

Alt Codes for Equality
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 240	≡	Exactly Identical
Alt 61	=	Equals
Alt 247	≈	Approximately equal

Alt Codes for Inequality
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 60	<	Less Than
Alt 62	>	Greater Than
Alt 242	≥	Greater than or equal
Alt 243	≤	Less than or equal

Alt Codes for Powers
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 251	√	Square Root
Alt 252	ⁿ	Power n
Alt 0185	¹	To the power of 1
Alt 0178	²	squared
Alt 0179	³	cubed

Angles and Trigonometric Alt Codes
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 227	π	Pi
Alt 248	°	Degree sign
ALT Codes for Greek Letters
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 224	α	Alpha
Alt 225	ß	Beta
Alt 226	Γ	Gamma
Alt 235	δ	Delta
Alt 238	ε	Epsilon
Alt 233	Θ	Theta
Alt 227	π	Pi
Alt 230	µ	Mu
Alt 228	Σ	Uppercase Sigma
Alt 229	σ	Lowercase sigma
Alt 231	τ	Tau
Alt 232	Φ	Uppercase Phi
Alt 237	φ	Lowercase Phi
Alt 234	Ω	Omega

General Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 35	#	Number
Alt 236	∞	Infinity
Alt 230	µ	Micro
Alt 228	Σ	Sum
Alt 239	∩	intersection

Integration / Integral Sign
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 244	⌠	Top half
Alt 245	⌡	Bottom Half

How to use Alt Codes ? ( Windows )
How to use [Option] key? ( Macintosh )

http://usefulshortcuts.com/
http://www.rapidtables.com/
http://fsymbols.com/

How to use Alt Codes ?

1. Find the Alt Code you need from the alt code tables on this site or from the downloadable Alt Code list.
   
2. Make sure that "Number Lock" is switched on.
   There should be a light on your keyboard indicating this.

If not, press the "Number Lock" key at the top left of the numeric keypad.

Hold down the "Alt" key to the left of the space bar and key the code on the numeric keypad.
Don't release the "Alt" key until after you've typed the alt code. When you release it you should see the special character you include.

Instructions for entering Alt Codes on a lap top
Even if you have a laptop or a keyboard with no numeric keypad - you can still use alt codes.

1. Look for a "function" or "fn" key normally near the bottom left of the keyboard.
   
2. Look for a button with "num lock" written in the same colour which is usually near the top right of the keyboard.

While holding "function" press and relase "num lock".

Enter alt codes using the method above but to enter the actual numeric alt code use the keys with numbers in the same colour as the function (fn) key. Normally "U" has 4 on it for example.

Switch "num lock" off in the same way as you switched it on to continue using your keyboard normally.

Character Map

Open Character Map by clicking the Start button , clicking All Programs, clicking Accessories, clicking System Tools, and then clicking Character Map.

Using Character Map

1. In Character Map, click the Font list, and then click the font you want to use.
2. Click the special character you want to insert into the document.
3. Click Select, and then click Copy.
4. Open your document and click the location in the document where you want the special character to appear.
5. Click the Edit menu, and then click Paste.

http://usefulshortcuts.com/
http://robby01343.wordpress.com/

What is Alt Codes ?

Alt codes work on computers running any of Microsoft's Windows operating systems.

Simbol Kotak dan Gambar

Simbol Matematika Dasar 2

 Referensi:
http://robby01343.wordpress.com/
http://usefulshortcuts.com/

Simbol Fisika dan Abjad Yunani

Sumber: http://robby01343.wordpress.com/

Simbol Geometri Dengan Keyboard PC

http://robby01343.wordpress.com/

Daftar Simbol Matematika 2

Daftar Simbol Matematika

Himpunan

Simbol Matematika	Dibaca	Header 3	Header 4
{ , }
{ : } { | }
∅ {}	himpunan kosong
∈ ∉
⊆ ⊂
⊇ ⊃

Daftar simbol matematika 1

Operasi Hitung Dasar Matematika (aritmatika)

Simbol	Dibaca	Contoh
+	tambah	2 + 7 = 9
−	kurang	8 − 3 = 5
x	kali	7 × 8 = 56
÷ /	bagi	8 ÷ 4 = 2

Operasi Pemangkatan Matematika

Simbol	Dibaca	Contoh
√	akar

Referensi:
http://id.wikipedia.org/

Rumus segitiga

Rumus Menghitung Luas dan Keliling Segitiga

Segitiga merupakan sebuah bangun datar yang dibatasi oleh tiga buah sisi dam memiliki tiga titik sudut.

Rumus untuk menghitung luas segitiga yaitu
L = ½.alas.tinggi
Sedangkan rumus keliling lingkaran yaitu :
K = sisi1 + sisi2 + sisi3

Teorema Heron (segitiga sembarang & segitiga sama sisi)
Luas = √(

Rumus Bangun Datar

Rumus Matematika Bangun Datar
Rumus Bujur Sangkar
Bujur sangkar adalah bangun datar yang memiliki empat buah sisi sama panjang
- Keliling : Panjang salah satu sisi dikali 4 (4 x S)
- Luas : Sisi dikali sisi (S x S)

Rumus Persegi Panjang
Persegi panjang adalah bangun datar mirip bujur sangkar namun dua sisi yang berhadapan lebih pendek atau lebih panjang dari dua sisi yang lain. Dua sisi yang lebih panjang disebut panjang, sedangkan yang lebih pendek disebut lebar.
- Keliling : 2 dikalikan Panjang tambah lebar ((p+l)x2)
- Luas : Panjang dikali lebar (pl)

Rumus Lingkaran
- Keliling : diameter dikali phi (d x phi) atau phi dikali 2 jari-jari (phi x (r + r)
- Luas : phi dikali jari-jari dikali jari-jari (phi x r x r)
- phi = 22/7 = 3,14

Rumus Jajar Genjang atau Jajaran Genjang
- Keliling : Penjumlahan dari keempat sisi yang ada (s + s + s + s)
- Luas : alas dikali tinggi (a x t)

Rumus Belah Ketupat
- Keliling : Penjumlahan dari keempat sisi yang ada (s + s + s + s)
- Luas : alas dikali panjang diagonal dibagi 2 (a x diagonal / 2)
- Diagonal : Garis tengah dua sisi berlawanan.

Rumus Trapesium
- Keliling : Penjumlahan dari keempat sisi yang ada (s + s + s + s)
- Luas : Jumlah sisi sejajar dikali tinggi dibagi 2{[(sisi sejajar+sisi sejajar)*tinggi] / 2}

http://noivafelizal.blogspot.com/
http://rumusterbaru.blogspot.com/

Pengurangan

Pengurangan

Adalah kebalikan dari penjumlahan
287 - 36 = 251 --> jika dibalik maka 36 + 251 = 287
251 + 36 = 287


368 – 243 = 125 --> jika dibalik maka 243 + 125 = 368
125 + 243 = 368


Pengurangan Tanpa Meminjam


Contoh :
354
50
----- -
304


486
65
----- -
421


Pengurangan Dengan Meminjam :
Meminjam angka atau bilangan di depannya
Contoh :
270 – 80 = 190
Cara bersusun :
270
80
----- -
190
tempat satuan : 0 – 0 = 0
tempat puluhan : 7 – 8 = ...( pinjam 1 dari angka 2, menjadi 17 – 8 = 9 )
275
46
----- - 229

5 – 6 = ... ( pinjam 1 menjadi 15 – 6 = 9 ) sehingga 7 di tempat puluhan
menjadi 6, kemudian 6 – 4 = 2

Penjumlahan

Kita harus tahu terlebih dahulu, mana posisi bilangan sebagai satuan, puluhan, ratusan atau bahkan ribuan.

Menjumlah Dua Bilangan Dengan cara bersusun panjang
 contoh:
45   +   34 = ?
penyelesaian:
cara bersusun panjang
45  =  40   +   5
34  =  30   +   4 +
=  70   +   9
=  79


Penjumlahan bersusun pendek
 
Penjumlahan tanpa menyimpan
Contoh Penjumlahan tanpa menyimpan :

3 6
4 2
------- +
7 8

8 5
1 2
------ +
9 7


Contoh Penjumlahan dengan menyimpan :

3 7
4 5
----- +
8 2


--> 7 + 5 = 12 dan angka 2 ditulis , angka 1 disimpan dan dijumlah 3 dan 4


4 8
3 6
----- +
8 4

---> 8 + 6 = 14 dan angka 4 ditulis dan 1 dijumlah dengan 4 dan 3

Penjumlahan / Penambahan

http://lbbsuprauno.blogspot.com/
http://febrin29.wordpress.com/

Konversi Satuan Volume

Konversi Satuan Volume / Isi

Tabel volume dalam liter:

ml (mililiter)

cl (centi liter)

dl (deci liter)

l (liter)

dal (deka liter)

hl (hekto liter)

kl (kilo liter)

Tabel volume dalam cubik:
mm³     cm³ (cc)     dm³ (liter)     m³     dam³     hm³     km³

1 liter = 10 desiliter = 100 centiliter = 1000 milliliter

1 liter = 1dm³ 

1 cc = 1 cm³

1 cc = 1 ml
1 cm³ = 1 ml

http://math-zu.blogspot.com/
http://mastugino.blogspot.com/
http://lembaranpenting.blogspot.com/

Ragam Bilangan Pecahan

Bentuk-Bentuk Bilangan Pecahan

a. Bilangan pecahan biasa
Contoh: 1/2; 1/3; 1/5; dan seterusnya.

b. Bilangan pecahan campuran, yaitu bilangan yang terdiri atas bilangan bulat dan pecahan.
Contoh: 1 1/2; 2 1/4; 5 2/3; dan seterusnya.

c. Bilangan pecahan desimal
Contoh:
- Bilangan pecahan biasa 1/5 = bilangan pecahan desimal 0,2.
- Bilangan pecahan campuran 1 1/4 = bilangan pecahan desimal 1,25.

d. Bilangan pecahan persen, yaitu bilangan pecahan dengan penyebut 100. Persen berarti perseratus. Lambang bilangan persen adalah %.
Contoh: 15%; 50%; 25%; dan seterusnya.

e. Bilangan pecahan permil, yaitu bilangan pecahan dengan penyebut 1.000. Permil berarti perseribu. Permil dilambangkan sebagai o/oo.
Contoh: 70 o/oo; 85 o/oo; 55 o/oo; dan seterusnya.

Referensi:
http://www.crayonpedia.org/

Sifat-Sifat Penjumlahan Pada Bilangan Bulat

Sifat-Sifat Penjumlahan Pada Bilangan Bulat

a. Sifat komutatif (pertukaran) pada penjumlahan.
    Untuk sembarang bilangan bulat a dan b, berlaku:
    a + b = b + a
    Artinya, hasil penjumlahan dua bilangan bulat yang tempatnya dipertukarkan selalu sama.

b. Unsur identitas pada penjumlahan
    Untuk setiap bilangan bulat a, selalu berlaku:
    a + 0 = 0 + a = a
   Artinya, hasil penjumlahan suatu bilangan bulat dengan bilangan nol atau sebaliknya, akan menghasilkan bilangan itu sendiri.
    0 disebut unsur identitas (netral) pada penjumlahan.

c. Sifat asosiatif (pengelompokkan) pada penjumlahan.
    Untuk sembarang bilangan bulat a, b, dan c berlaku:
    (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

d. Sifat tertutup pada penjumlahan
    Untuk sembarang bilangan bulat a dan b, jika a + b = c maka c juga bilangan bulat.
    Artinya, penjumlahan bilangan bulat selalu menghasilkan bilangan bulat juga.

e. Invers jumlah atau lawan suatu bilangan
    Lawan (invers jumlah) dari a adalah -a.
    Untuk sembarang bilangan bulat a selalu berlaku:
    a + (-a) = -a + a = 0
    Artinya, penjumlahan bilangan bulat dengan lawannya selalu menghasilkan bilangan nol.

http://web-matematik.blogspot.com/

Konversi Satuan Ukuran Panjang

1. km      =      kilo meter
2. hm     =     hekto meter
3. dam     =     deka meter
4. m     =     meter
5. dm     =     desi meter
6. cm     =     centi meter
7. mm     =     mili meter

1 km = 10 hm
1 hm = 10 dam
1 dam = 10 m
1 m = 10 dm
1 dm = 10 cm
1 cm = 10 mm

Konversi dari suatu tingkat menjadi satu tingkat di bawahnya adalah dikalikan dengan 10.
Konversi satu tingkat di atasnya dibagi dengan angka 10. 

Download:
length-measure.txt
nama-satuan_ukuran-panjang.txt
satuan panjang usa.txt
satuan panjang.txt

http://www.invir.com/

Konversi Satuan Ukuran Berat

1. ton
2. kwintal
3. kg      =      kilo gram
2. hm     =     hekto gram / ons
3. dam     =     deka gram
4. m     =     gram
5. dm     =     desi gram
6. cm     =     centi gram
7. mm     =     mili gram

1 kg = 10 hg
1 hg = 10 dag
1 dag = 10 g
1 g = 10 dg
1 dg = 10 cg
1 cg = 10 mg

1 ton = 1000 kg
1 ton = 10 kwintal
1 kwintal = 100 kg
1 kg = 2 pon
1 pon = 5 ons
1 hg = 1 ons
1 kg = 10 ons
1 ons = 100 gram


Satuan Ukuran Berat atau Massa
Untuk satuan ukuran berat konversinya mirip dengan ukuran panjang namun satuan meter diganti menjadi gram. Untuk satuan berat tidak memiliki turunan gram persegi maupun gram kubik.

Download

nama-satuan_ukuran-berat.txt
satuan berat.txt
weight-measure.txt

Family 2

1. Bart is Lisa's brother.
2. Marge is Homer's wife.
3. Clancy is Selma's father.
4. Abraham is Mona's husband.
5. Maggie is Ling's cousin.
6. Lisa is Patty's niece.
7. Homer is Abraham's son.
8. Selma is Ling's adoptive mother.
9. Bart is Herb's nephew.
10. Maggie is Marge's daughter.
11. Herb is Marge's brother in law.
12. Patty is Selma's sister.
13. Herb is Homer's half-brother.
14. Abraham is Marge's father-in-law.
15. Herb is Maggie's uncle.
16. Jackie is Homer's mother-in-law.
17. Marge is Herb's sister-in-law.
18. Homer and Marge are Lisa's parents.
19. Homer is Clancy's son-in-law.
20. Bart and Lisa are Maggie's siblings.
21. Abraham is Lisa's grandfather.
22. Bart and Lisa are Marge's children.
23. Maggie is Jackie's granddaughter.
24. Marge is Mona's daughter-in-law.
25. Clancy and Jackie are Bart's grandparents.

http://www.englishexercises.org/

Family 1

 

Family

IRREGULAR VERBS 2

A
Infinitive	Simple Past	Past Participle
arise	arose	arisen
awake	awakened / awoke	awakened / awoken
B
backslide	backslid	backslidden / backslid
be	was, were	been
bear	bore	born / borne
beat	beat	beaten / beat
become	became	become
begin	began	begun
bend	bent	bent
bet	bet / betted	bet / bette
bid (farewell)	bid / bade	bidden
bid (offer amount)	bid	bid
bind	bound	bound

bite	bit	bitten
bleed	bled	bled
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
breed	bred	bred
bring	brought	brought
broadcast	broadcast / broadcasted	broadcast / broadcasted
browbeat	browbeat	browbeaten / browbeat
build	built	built
burn	burned / burnt [?]	burned / burnt [?]
burst	burst	burst
bust	busted / bust	busted / bust
buy	bought	bought
C
cast	cast	cast
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
cling	clung	clung
clothe	clothed / clad [?]	clothed / clad [?]
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
creep	crept	crept
crossbreed	crossbred	crossbred
cut	cut	cut
D
daydream	daydreamed / daydreamt [?]	daydreamed / daydreamt [?]
deal	dealt	dealt
dig	dug	dug
disprove	disproved	disproved / disproven
dive (jump head-first)	dove / dived	dived
dive (scuba diving)	dived / dove	dived
do	did	done
draw	drew	drawn
dream	dreamed / dreamt [?]	dreamed / dreamt [?]
drink	drank	drunk
drive	drove	driven
dwell	dwelt / dwelled [?]	dwelt / dwelled [?]
E
eat	ate	eaten
F
fall	fell	fallen
feed	fed	fed
feel	felt	felt
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
fit (tailor, change size)	fitted / fit [?]	fitted / fit [?]
fit (be right size)	fit / fitted [?]	fit / fitted [?]
flee	fled	fled
fling	flung	flung
fly	flew	flown
forbid	forbade	forbidden
forecast	forecast	forecast
forego (also forgo)	forewent	foregone
foresee	foresaw	foreseen
foretell	foretold	foretold
forget	forgot	forgotten / forgot [?]
forgive	forgave	forgiven
forsake	forsook	forsaken
freeze	froze	frozen
frostbite	frostbit	frostbitten
G
get	got	gotten / got [?]
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grind	ground	ground
grow	grew	grown
H
hand-feed	hand-fed	hand-fed
handwrite	handwrote	handwritten
hang	hung	hung
have	had	had
hear	heard	heard
hew	hewed	hewn / hewed
hide	hid	hidden
hit	hit	hit
hold	held	held
hurt	hurt	hurt
I
inbreed	inbred	inbred
inlay	inlaid	inlaid
input	input / inputted	input / inputted
interbreed	interbred	interbred
interweave	interwove / interweaved	interwoven / interweaved
interwind	interwound	interwound
J
jerry-build	jerry-built	jerry-built
K
keep	kept	kept
kneel	knelt / kneeled	knelt / kneeled
knit	knitted / knit	knitted / knit
know	knew	known
L
lay	laid	laid
lead	led	led
lean	leaned / leant [?]	leaned / leant [?]
leap	leaped / leapt [?]	leaped / leapt [?]
learn	learned / learnt [?]	learned / learnt [?]
leave	left	left
lend	lent	lent
let	let	let
lie	lay	lain
lie (not tell truth) REGULAR	lied	lied
light	lit / lighted	lit / lighted
lip-read	lip-read	lip-read
lose	lost	lost
M
make	made	made
mean	meant	meant
meet	met	met
miscast	miscast	miscast
misdeal	misdealt	misdealt
misdo	misdid	misdone
mishear	misheard	misheard
mislay	mislaid	mislaid
mislead	misled	misled
mislearn	mislearned / mislearnt [?]	mislearned / mislearnt [?]
misread	misread	misread
misset	misset	misset
misspeak	misspoke	misspoken
misspell	misspelled / misspelt [?]	misspelled / misspelt [?]
misspend	misspent	misspent
mistake	mistook	mistaken
misteach	mistaught	mistaught
misunderstand	misunderstood	misunderstood
miswrite	miswrote	miswritten
mow	mowed	mowed / mown
N
No irregular verbs beginning with "N."
O
offset	offset	offset
outbid	outbid	outbid
outbreed	outbred	outbred
outdo	outdid	outdone
outdraw	outdrew	outdrawn
outdrink	outdrank	outdrunk
outdrive	outdrove	outdriven
outfight	outfought	outfought
outfly	outflew	outflown
outgrow	outgrew	outgrown
outleap	outleaped / outleapt [?]	outleaped / outleapt [?]
outlie (not tell truth) REGULAR	outlied	outlied
outride	outrode	outridden
outrun	outran	outrun
outsell	outsold	outsold
outshine	outshined / outshone [?]	outshined / outshone [?]
outshoot	outshot	outshot
outsing	outsang	outsung
outsit	outsat	outsat
outsleep	outslept	outslept
outsmell	outsmelled / outsmelt [?]	outsmelled / outsmelt [?]
outspeak	outspoke	outspoken
outspeed	outsped	outsped
outspend	outspent	outspent
outswear	outswore	outsworn
outswim	outswam	outswum
outthink	outthought	outthought
outthrow	outthrew	outthrown
outwrite	outwrote	outwritten
overbid	overbid	overbid
overbreed	overbred	overbred
overbuild	overbuilt	overbuilt
overbuy	overbought	overbought
overcome	overcame	overcome
overdo	overdid	overdone
overdraw	overdrew	overdrawn
overdrink	overdrank	overdrunk
overeat	overate	overeaten
overfeed	overfed	overfed
overhang	overhung	overhung
overhear	overheard	overheard
overlay	overlaid	overlaid
overpay	overpaid	overpaid
override	overrode	overridden
overrun	overran	overrun
oversee	oversaw	overseen
oversell	oversold	oversold
oversew	oversewed	oversewn / oversewed
overshoot	overshot	overshot
oversleep	overslept	overslept
overspeak	overspoke	overspoken
overspend	overspent	overspent
overspill	overspilled / overspilt [?]	overspilled / overspilt [?]
overtake	overtook	overtaken
overthink	overthought	overthought
overthrow	overthrew	overthrown
overwind	overwound	overwound
overwrite	overwrote	overwritten
P
partake	partook	partaken
pay	paid	paid
plead	pleaded / pled	pleaded / pled
prebuild	prebuilt	prebuilt
predo	predid	predone
premake	premade	premade
prepay	prepaid	prepaid
presell	presold	presold
preset	preset	preset
preshrink	preshrank	preshrunk
proofread	proofread	proofread
prove	proved	proven / proved
put	put	put
Q
quick-freeze	quick-froze	quick-frozen
quit	quit / quitted [?]	quit / quitted [?]
R
read	read (sounds like "red")	read (sounds like "red")
reawake	reawoke	reawaken
rebid	rebid	rebid
rebind	rebound	rebound
rebroadcast	rebroadcast / rebroadcasted	rebroadcast / rebroadcasted
rebuild	rebuilt	rebuilt
recast	recast	recast
recut	recut	recut
redeal	redealt	redealt
redo	redid	redone
redraw	redrew	redrawn
refit (replace parts)	refit / refitted [?]	refit / refitted [?]
refit (retailor)	refitted / refit [?]	refitted / refit [?]
regrind	reground	reground
regrow	regrew	regrown
rehang	rehung	rehung
rehear	reheard	reheard
reknit	reknitted / reknit	reknitted / reknit
relay (for example tiles)	relaid	relaid
relay (pass along) REGULAR	relayed	relayed
relearn	relearned / relearnt [?]	relearned / relearnt [?]
relight	relit / relighted	relit / relighted
remake	remade	remade
repay	repaid	repaid
reread	reread	reread
rerun	reran	rerun
resell	resold	resold
resend	resent	resent
reset	reset	reset
resew	resewed	resewn / resewed
retake	retook	retaken
reteach	retaught	retaught
retear	retore	retorn
retell	retold	retold
rethink	rethought	rethought
retread	retread	retread
retrofit	retrofitted / retrofit [?]	retrofitted / retrofit [?]
rewake	rewoke / rewaked	rewaken / rewaked
rewear	rewore	reworn
reweave	rewove / reweaved	rewoven / reweaved
rewed	rewed / rewedded	rewed / rewedded
rewet	rewet / rewetted [?]	rewet / rewetted [?]
rewin	rewon	rewon
rewind	rewound	rewound
rewrite	rewrote	rewritten
rid	rid	rid
ride	rode	ridden
ring	rang	rung
rise	rose	risen
roughcast	roughcast	roughcast
run	ran	run
S
sand-cast	sand-cast	sand-cast
saw	sawed	sawed / sawn
say	said	said
see	saw	seen
seek	sought	sought
sell	sold	sold
send	sent	sent
set	set	set
sew	sewed	sewn / sewed
shake	shook	shaken
shave	shaved	shaved / shaven
shear	sheared	sheared / shorn
shed	shed	shed
shine	shined / shone [?]	shined / shone [?]
shit	shit / shat / shitted	shit/ shat / shitted
shoot	shot	shot
show	showed	shown / showed
shrink	shrank / shrunk	shrunk
shut	shut	shut
sight-read	sight-read	sight-read
sing	sang	sung
sink	sank / sunk	sunk
sit	sat	sat
slay (kill)	slew / slayed	slain / slayed
slay (amuse) REGULAR	slayed	slayed
sleep	slept	slept
slide	slid	slid
sling	slung	slung
slink	slinked / slunk	slinked / slunk
slit	slit	slit
smell	smelled / smelt [?]	smelled / smelt [?]
sneak	sneaked / snuck	sneaked / snuck
sow	sowed	sown / sowed
speak	spoke	spoken
speed	sped / speeded	sped / speeded
spell	spelled / spelt [?]	spelled / spelt [?]
spend	spent	spent
spill	spilled / spilt [?]	spilled / spilt [?]
spin	spun	spun
spit	spit / spat	spit / spat
split	split	split
spoil	spoiled / spoilt [?]	spoiled / spoilt [?]
spoon-feed	spoon-fed	spoon-fed
spread	spread	spread
spring	sprang / sprung	sprung
stand	stood	stood
steal	stole	stolen
stick	stuck	stuck
sting	stung	stung
stink	stunk / stank	stunk
strew	strewed	strewn / strewed
stride	strode	stridden
strike (delete)	struck	stricken
strike (hit)	struck	struck / stricken
string	strung	strung
strive	strove / strived	striven / strived
sublet	sublet	sublet
sunburn	sunburned / sunburnt [?]	sunburned / sunburnt [?]
swear	swore	sworn
sweat	sweat / sweated	sweat / sweated
sweep	swept	swept
swell	swelled	swollen / swelled
swim	swam	swum
swing	swung	swung
T
take	took	taken
teach	taught	taught
tear	tore	torn
telecast	telecast	telecast
tell	told	told
test-drive	test-drove	test-driven
test-fly	test-flew	test-flown
think	thought	thought
throw	threw	thrown
thrust	thrust	thrust
tread	trod	trodden / trod
typecast	typecast	typecast
typeset	typeset	typeset
typewrite	typewrote	typewritten
U
unbend	unbent	unbent
unbind	unbound	unbound
unclothe	unclothed / unclad [?]	unclothed / unclad
underbid	underbid	underbid
undercut	undercut	undercut
underfeed	underfed	underfed
undergo	underwent	undergone
underlie	underlay	underlain
undersell	undersold	undersold
underspend	underspent	underspent
understand	understood	understood
undertake	undertook	undertaken
underwrite	underwrote	underwritten
undo	undid	undone
unfreeze	unfroze	unfrozen
unhang	unhung	unhung
unhide	unhid	unhidden
unknit	unknitted / unknit	unknitted / unknit
unlearn	unlearned / unlearnt	unlearned / unlearnt
unsew	unsewed	unsewn / unsewed
unsling	unslung	unslung
unspin	unspun	unspun
unstick	unstuck	unstuck
unstring	unstrung	unstrung
unweave	unwove / unweaved	unwoven / unweaved
unwind	unwound	unwound
uphold	upheld	upheld
upset	upset	upset
V
No commonly used irregular verbs beginning with "V." To view our extended dictionary including rare and antiquated forms, Click Here.
W
wake	woke / waked	woken / waked
waylay	waylaid	waylaid
wear	wore	worn
weave	wove / weaved	woven / weaved
wed	wed / wedded	wed / wedded
weep	wept	wept
wet	wet / wetted [?]	wet / wetted [?]
whet  REGULAR	whetted	whetted
win	won	won
wind	wound	wound
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn
withhold	withheld	withheld
withstand	withstood	withstood
wring	wrung	wrung
write	wrote	written

http://www.englishclub.com/
http://www.usingenglish.com/
http://www.englishpage.com/